Karnofsky performance status

A factor that is very important in determining the prognosis of patients is their Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) score.
The median survival of patients with a KPS score less than 30 was 34 days, whereas the median survival of patients with a KPS score greater than 70 was 395 days.

Sputum cytology

Sputum cytology (SC) has been used since 1960s as a reliable detector of centrally-located, intrabronchial squamous cancers

The sensitivity of SC was 68% for centrally-located squamous cancers diagnosed within 1 year of testing. Specificity was 99.7%. A positive predictive value was 27%,

The cell block method increases the sensitivity and specificity of sputum cytology, and when smear and cell block slides are evaluated together, sensitivity reaches its highest value. Therefore, application of smear and cell block methods together seems most useful in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

In the Johns Hopkins Lung Project, 14% of the participants with sputum cytologic atypia graded as moderate or worse later progressed to lung cancer as compared with only 3% of those without aytpia

CA lung doubling time

Lung mass
The mean doubling time was 166.3 days, with 221.6 days for adenocarcinoma, 115.2 days for squamous cell carcinoma, 67.5 days for large cell carcinoma, 86.3 days for small cell carcinoma and 225.2 days for others.

Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1994 Aug;24(4):199-204.

Immunohistochem in CA lung

Immuno stain

CK 7 CK 20

Pos neg = lung

Neg pos = colon

TTF pos = lung

TTF neg = metast

 

CK 7 pos TTF pos = lung